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§ 02 · domain

Structure Prediction

Complexes & interactions

7 tools
AF3

for antibody-antigen complex prediction (still a hard task).

AlphaFold 3

predict the bound complex from sequence + ligand SMILES. Headline improvement: no need for a crystal structure of the apo target.

2024
AlphaFold-Multimer

for antibody-antigen complex prediction (still a hard task).

Boltz

weights publicly released.

Chai

predict the bound complex from sequence + ligand SMILES. Headline improvement: no need for a crystal structure of the apo target.

NeuralPLexer

predict the bound complex from sequence + ligand SMILES. Headline improvement: no need for a crystal structure of the apo target.

RoseTTAFold All-Atom
Baker lab

protein-ligand cofolding.

Ensembles & dynamics

4 tools
AlphaFlow

retraining structure predictors as flow-matching generative models that produce conformational ensembles instead of single structures.

Distributional Graphormer
DiG

Microsoft Research, generates Boltzmann-weighted ensembles.

ESMFlow

retraining structure predictors as flow-matching generative models that produce conformational ensembles instead of single structures.

MD-augmented predictions

combining AF outputs with classical MD or coarse-grained simulation; ML-accelerated force fields (CGSchNet, MACE, Allegro, AIMNet2) are dramatically extending accessible simulation timescales.

Nucleic acids

6 tools
AlphaFold 3

predict the bound complex from sequence + ligand SMILES. Headline improvement: no need for a crystal structure of the apo target.

2024
DRfold2

the active toolkit. Accuracy degrades sharply on novel folds without homologs.

DeepFoldRNA

the active toolkit. Accuracy degrades sharply on novel folds without homologs.

RhoFold+

the active toolkit. Accuracy degrades sharply on novel folds without homologs.

RoseTTAFoldNA

the active toolkit. Accuracy degrades sharply on novel folds without homologs.

trRosettaRNA

the active toolkit. Accuracy degrades sharply on novel folds without homologs.

Proteins

12 tools
AlphaFold 2

the watershed; ~1 Å median accuracy on monomers with good MSAs.

2021
AlphaFold 3

predict the bound complex from sequence + ligand SMILES. Headline improvement: no need for a crystal structure of the apo target.

2024
Boltz-1
MIT

open-source AlphaFold 3 reimplementation; competitive performance.

Boltz-2
MIT

open-source AlphaFold 3 reimplementation; competitive performance.

Chai-1
Chai Discovery

weights publicly released.

Chai-2
Chai Discovery

another open AF3-class model.

ESMFold

language-model-only structure prediction, no MSA required, fast but less accurate than AF2.

OpenFold

weights publicly released.

RoseTTAFold
Baker lab

three-track architecture; the open-source AlphaFold counterpart.

RoseTTAFold All-Atom
Baker lab

protein-ligand cofolding.

RoseTTAFold2
Baker lab

three-track architecture; the open-source AlphaFold counterpart.

Uni-Fold

open-source AF2 reproductions and extensions.